Here are some of the curiosities and lesser-spotted oddities witnessed so far at the Games.

Simple lycra is not enough for Team USA. At this tournament, many of the women gymnasts' leotards are adorned with close to 5,000 Swarovski crystals.

"Obviously, sparkles are not an element in the scoring," former Olympic gymnast Samantha Peszek, told the New York Times. "But it's part of the 'look good, feel good, do good' aspect."

In the last century, Olympic leotards didn't differ much from the outfit your sister would wear to ballet class. Then the sparkling fad began.

In 2008, Nastia Liukin's leotard for the Beijing games had 184 crystals on it. By 2012, Gabby Douglas had 1,188 on hers. Now that figure has nearly quadrupled. "We're in a crystal arms race," Swarovski's Alexander Wellhoefer has said.

The cost of those dazzling Team USA outfits?

About $1,200 (£912) each.

There are lifeguards at all Olympic swimming events

No bombing, no diving, no petting - you wouldn't think Olympians would need to be told all this. Or that Adam Peaty or Simone Manuel might need rescuing.

But Brazilian law insists that swimming pools over a certain size are watched over by lifeguards. There are about 75 on duty at the various Olympic centres during swimming, diving, synchronised swimming, water polo and white-water kayaking events. Some 150 lifeguards were also in attendance same at the London games in 2012.

There isn't really very much for them to do, and onlookers have commented how bored many of them look.

You may think they would be pleased to have a prime seat for the games, on the other hand it's reported they get paid just £260 ($341) for a fortnight's work.

The mysterious squiggly trophies

At previous Olympics, athletes who made the podium were handed a bouquet of flowers. But for this year's games they have been scrapped, apparently because they are "not very sustainable". It seems most were just tossed in the dustbin.

Now, along with their medal, competitors are handed a multi-coloured object with a green base. At first this baffled spectators, and some competitors, such as Chinese swimmer Fu Yuanhui.

There was much speculation on social media. Was it a paperweight? A napkin holder?

In fact, it's a 3D model of the official Rio Olympics logo, and it reportedly doubles as a medal holder. Although it looks more than capable of weighing down a sheaf of A4 paper as well if necessary.

US athletes have to pay tax on medals

Olympic glory comes at a cost - if you're American, at any rate. Michael Phelps's five gold medals from Rio, plus his one silver, could cost him up to $55,000 (£42,000) in taxes, it has been estimated.

This is mainly because the US Olympic Committee awards prize money to medal winners - $25,000 (£16,000) for gold, $15,000 (£10,000) for silver, and $10,000 (£6,000) for bronze - and this is considered taxable income by the US Internal Revenue Service. Many other countries give medal bonuses - Singapore's Joseph Schooling, it's reported, will get $753,000 (£573,000) for his gold.

However, in the US the medals are also given a value and taxed, based on the value of the materials they are made of. According to Forbes magazine, a 500g gold medal from Rio is worth $564 (£429), because it is mostly silver, plated with only 6g of gold. Silver medals are worth roughly $300 (£228), and bronze medals, which are mostly made of copper, only about $4 (£3).

Members of the US Congress have made several efforts to make athletes' medal payments tax-exempt, but as yet to no avail.

There was a bikini wax ban in Team GB's cycling squad

The British women's cycling team has enjoyed remarkable success, including gold in a thrilling team pursuit. Could this be partly thanks to instructions they received about pubic hair?

Some time ago, after a number of riders complained about saddle soreness, British Cycling organised a conference of experts to find a solution. The sages advised tilting the saddles at a slightly different angle, and encouraging the athletes to stop waxing or shaving their bikini lines. Pubic hair, it turns out, helps protect against friction and remove sweat from the skin.

Issuing these instructions made for some uncomfortable conversations.

"It was a tricky one to broach," Phil Burt, British Cycling's long-time physiotherapist, admitted to the Guardian.

But it seems to have worked. Burt says the medal-winners haven't had a saddle sore between them for six months.

You can dive across the finish line

It was not only in Rio's notorious green pool that diving skills earned athletes Olympic glory. Spectators discovered that Superman-style lunges work on the track, too - and are permitted by judges.

In the women's 400m final, Shaunae Miller threw herself head first across the line in dramatic fashion, inching ahead of American world champion Allyson Felix. It left Miller with "cuts and bruises, a few burns", but also gold for Bahamas.

Joao Vitor de Oliveira qualified for the semi-finals of the 110m hurdles by executing a similar move. This wasn't the first time he'd tried it. "I broke my ribs doing it in China," the Brazilian said. "People tell me not to do it, but it comes from the heart. I put myself first."

To appeal against a gymnastics score you have to hand over cash...

If a gymnast's coach thinks the judges should have awarded more points, he or she can appeal. But it costs money.

Under the rules, accredited coaches on the competition floor have four minutes to lodge an inquiry and submit a $300 (£228) fee. If they submit a challenge on a second event, it's a $500 (£380) fee and on a third it's $1,000 (£760). The charges are intended to prevent spurious challenges.

However, no amount of money will help you in boxing if you think a decision has gone against you unfairly. Under controversial new rules, there are no appeals in this Olympics. BBC boxing expert Steve Bunce believes at least two decisions that would have been appealed and overturned in previous tournaments were allowed to stand.

But Team GB high jumper Robbie Grabarz only had to walk up and talk to someone to successfully appeal against a decision. In one jump, Grabarz rattled the bar, but it initially stayed in place. A couple of seconds later it fell down - but by this time the white flag had been raised to signal a successful jump. The judges ignored the flag and marked the jump as a failure, but reversed their decision after Grabarz protested.

...while in wrestling, coaches throw a stuffed toy

Vinicius, the Olympic mascot of uncertain species (he looks a bit like a cat, but is a "a mix of different Brazilian animals", according to organisers) has made several appearances during wrestling matches.

According to USA Wrestling's rulebook, coaches can contest a referee's decision by throwing a "soft object". When this happens, the action stops and a jury of appeal reviews the video evidence.

During previous competitions a foam brick has often been used, but it in Rio it was Vinicius.

Stuffed animals have been employed for this purpose before - at the 2014 World Championships in Finland, it was a toy bird from Angry Birds.

Not everyone is convinced, though, that this use of the Olympic mascot adds to the dignity and prestige of the sport. "I'm still wondering where Vinicius fits in the protocol," Jason Bryant, the announcer for Olympic wrestling at Rio, told Vice.

Cyclists have their sock length measuredThe sight of officials measuring the hosiery of cycling competitors is one of the event's odder spectacles.

But under rules introduced in 2012 by Union Cycliste Internationale, the governing body of sports cycling, socks "must not exceed the mid-distance between the ankle and the knee".

This is intended to prevent the use of compression socks, which it's thought can aid recovery and boost performance.

One or two bronzes?

At the Rio Olympics, there are 812 gold medals to be won, 812 silver - but 864 bronze. How come?

With some sports it's very simple. In doubles badminton, for instance, only one pair can win bronze, so the two semi-finalists face each other in a play-off to decide who gets it. In golf, a play-off is held in the event of a tie.

But in some events, such as boxing, judo, taekwondo and wrestling, there are two bronze medals. In some cases, a bronze goes to each eliminated semi-finalist. In others, there's what's called a repechage, where those knocked out by the eventual winners are placed in two separate pools, and compete among themselves for one of two bronzes.

McDonald's is surprisingly busy

Imagine an Olympic athlete's diet: Protein shakes, fruit, half a dozen raw eggs...

Big Macs? Not so much.

But surprisingly athletes in Rio have been queuing out of the door to receive free food at a McDonald's outlet in the Olympic Village. And they have been eating with such gusto that staff have had to limit each person to 20 items at any one time.

Truth be told, there are few alternatives in the Olympic village. There have been complaints about overcrowding in the main cafeteria, and the nearest watering hole is the inauspiciously named Bin Laden Bar (yes, it's a reference to Osama Bin Laden).

But some athletes appear to be aware that burgers won't necessarily up their game. After his exit from the competition, Australian badminton player Sawan Serasinghe posted a photo of himself surrounded by McDonald's offerings, with the caption: "Now it's time to eat some junk food after months of eating clean."

Everyone's getting engaged

As if the games weren't high-pressure enough already, athletes in Rio have to contend with the very real possibility that someone might ask them for their hand in marriage.

The first proposal came during week one, when Olympic rugby sevens venue worker Marjorie Enya asked Brazil player Isadora Cerullo to marry her.

Later, on the Copacabana, British race walker Tom Bosworth asked boyfriend Harry Dineley if he would do the same. And after winning silver in the triple jump, USA's Will Claye leapt into the crowd and proposed to his girlfriend Queen Harrison.

Team GB's Charlotte Dujardin also received a proposal of sorts. In the stands, her fiance Dean Golding wore a sign that read: "Can we get married now?" After winning gold in the dressage, Dujardin confirmed that she had already said yes.

Most controversially, Chinese diver He Zi's boyfriend, fellow diver Qin Kai, proposed to her just after she was awarded her women's 3m springboard silver. It was suggested by some that this was bad form, in that he risked taking attention away from Zi's big moment, but others were quick to congratulate the couple.

BBC presenter Dan Walker can look forward to wedding bells too, after he was was invited to the wedding of the woman gatecrashed his live Olympics broadcast while out with friends on her hen night.

Toilet fishing is banned

Who knew toilet fishing was a thing? Well, apparently it is. And it's one the Olympic authorities are keen to discourage.

US basketballer Elena Della Donne posted a photograph of a sign warning of forbidden lavatory activities. One of them shows a stick figure holding a fishing rod.

"Guess I won't be toilet fishing today," ran the caption.

(BBC)